القَديـر

القَـادِر، المُقتـدر

All these names are different manifestations of the same name because they are related to the same root referring to the same attribute. This name is one of the 99-Most Beautiful Names.

Al-Qadîr is the Most Able + the Omnipotent + the Most Competent + the All-Determining + the Prevailing Ordainer + Determiner + the All-Powerful + the All-Capable + the Evaluator

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The attribute entailed in this Name comprises: omnipotence, ability, capability, determination, design, competence, estimation, assessment, evaluation, predestination, etc.

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Al-Qâdir is the name indicating that Allâh:

is omnipotent,

does as He wills,

can accomplish whatever He decides,

can determine what will be,

can measure-out everything,

can make any decree and decision,

can impose His will,

can determine the measure and distribution of all things, can issue any decree and accomplish it, can achieve His purposes, can impose His orders, can carry out His commands, and rulings, has control over the entire creatures, decrees, decides a matter, determines predestination, makes manifest the measure of something, can prevail, is empowered, enacts whatever He decides, ordains, appoints, determines the necessary material to actualize a specific quiddity, can fulfill His goals, devises, arranges and authors the events, trials, and tests, evaluates in truth, properly assesses, correctly expects, etc.

There are two other names pointing to this same attribute as the name Al-Qadîr but with different intensive degrees and varying domains.

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The name Al-Qâdir indicates that Allâh: has the absolute power and the supreme authority, can determine and deliver the suitable measure of all things, can ordain all things, can prevail over all things, is empowered to do whatever He decides, has the power and ability to decide the outcome of all matters can implement His decisions, can impose His rulings, and can enforce all decrees and ordain the course of all affairs.

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Al-Qadîr is the one whose decisions or decrees prevail in every situation, the one who measures everything, knows the measure of everything, decides a matter as though measuring it to fit, makes a decree or ordains, enacts His decrees, and accomplishes what He wills whatever the difficulties (in people's view) are.

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The name Al-Qadîr indicates that Allâh determines and delivers the suitable measure of all things, makes His decisions always prevail, has power and ability to ordain all things, has the power and ability to decide the outcome of all matters, enforces all decrees, ordains the course of all affairs and makes His decree prevail in every situation.

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Allâh can do everything. The thing emerges as a result of exercising the act of the Divine will expressing the entirety of the requirements of the system of the Divine beautiful names. These names or attributes are the requisites of His quiddity which is the absolute beauty. The Divine Self and attributes have precedence over the Divine will. Therefore, they are not included in the domain of Divine will. Hence, they are not included in the sphere of omnipotence. It is not acceptable for anyone to suggest something in direct opposition to the Divine attributes and to accuse God of inability because He does not do it. For example, God is the absolute truth. It is absurd to say that He is not omnipotent because He cannot lie. The measure of the ability of anyone is to accomplish his purposes and to impose His will not to carry out the suggestions of the others. All the Divine attributes are compatible, consistent, and in perfect harmony.

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The name Al-Qadîr is one of the principal names directly connected with the matter of the Qadar. The Qadar is a complex term comprising many other concepts and notions. Generally, it is higher and more comprehensive than the concepts of destiny, human fate, and predestination.

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Al-Qadîr is the One who can regulate the affairs and arrange each matter in accord with his intrinsic will. He can accomplish anything He intends to do. The domain of His power does not include the matters contradicting His nature, His attributes or His Will. He is immutable. It's He who gives the things, the notions, and the concepts their meanings and significance. His words are the criteria of truth.

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The verb "Qadar" and its related verbs have various meanings, details, and requirements: it means the achievement of a matter according to Divine laws and as a result of some certain managements and arrangements; it can refer to the position, the prestige, the potential, the measure, and the magnitude. It means also to ordain decrees and to author inevitable events. It points toward all that is necessary to accomplish a matter, it points toward the matters that are already determined and will be actualized or implemented when the necessary conditions become fulfilled. It means to design, estimate, calculate, and compute everything related to the matter decreed. This includes the associated time and place, etc. It also means the capacity. From its possible meanings are 'to limit' and 'to restrict'.

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The nature of the predestined matter depends on the system of Divine names which decrees them; the predestination decreed by the higher systems is an inevitable decree. From the inevitable matters the Divine laws, the initial quiddities, and the realities of things and their intrinsic requirements. But the decisions taken by the authorized angels and their requirements can be reconsidered and changed by some means like supplication and righteous deeds. Most of the particulars and the daily-life events belong to this category.

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From the Qadar are the laws required by the Divine names, the initial quiddities, and the realities of things. It includes also regulating the affairs, authoring the events, and managing the matters to realize the ontological purposes. It includes also the choice of the appropriate time of every thing.

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From the Qadar are

1- the estimation and the expectation concerning the events before their occurrence and related to the human choices before their actualization, 2- the assessment and evaluation of matters like the human deeds, the degrees of righteousness, 3- the systems of immutable Divine and cosmological laws, 4- to regulate the affairs, author the events and arrange the matters according to the Divine and cosmological laws, 5- to devise and form the initial quiddities, 6- to author and compose the tests and trials for the creatures characterized by the faculty of choice, 7- to estimate the matters which has some degree of randomness before their occurrence, 8- to evaluate the results and consequences of some certain acts, etc.

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Some people think that God has invented the laws then He lets them work and He ceases to intervene in the worldly matter. In fact, all the beings, matters, and affairs are in a dire need of God to exist, subsist, and persist. Allâh has all the affirmative, influential, and positive attributes. He is absolutely effective, doer, performer, and active. His omnipresence, influence, efficacy, activity, and effectiveness do not contradict His transcendence or the fact that He is the inventor of the cosmological laws.

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To believe in the Qadar and the Qadâ' means to believe that all that happens in the world is in accordance with the Divine laws which are the requirements of the most beautiful names of Allâh which in their turn are the requirements of the Divine being. All the cosmological events are devised, authored, and regulated to fulfill the divine ontological purposes.

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From the Qadar: to make a thing on some certain form and to determine the necessary elements for its formation, to formulate the primary materials according to the requirements of a subtle reality like the initial quiddity, to regulate the affairs and arrange the matters according to the Divine and cosmological laws, to design, to estimate, to evaluate, to assess, to anticipate, to compute, to expect, etc.

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No human being has the power to resist his creator. It is God who endows him with free will and the faculty of choice so that he can disobey a religious order. This does not compromise the Divine omnipotence since the disobeyer will be surely punished. Moreover, he cannot break any Divine cosmological law when he commits a sin.

The act that precedes the human deed is the estimation or the expectation based on knowledge and the other attributes. This expectation befits the rank of the estimator and the conditions of the human whose acts are being estimated. The estimation cannot change the real action that the human can perform. Evidently, the real human deed will be identical to the Divine estimation. Any estimation else may be different. The difference between the Divine estimation and any other estimation is equivalent to the difference between the absolute omniscience and the limited, restricted, and relative knowledge. From the manifestations of the Divine omniscience: the fact that the human deed, that is performed by a being characterized by free will and random behavior, is always identical to the Divine expectation. From the manifestations of the Divine mercy and nobleness: the fact that the human is reckoned according to his actual deeds, not the expected ones.

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The domain of this name comprises all the things. The thing is what is required by the Divine will expressing the entirety of the requirements of the Divine Names. According to this name, Allâh has the absolute ability to carry out what He wills.

الموقع الرسمي للأستاذ الدكتور

حسني أحمد علي المتعافي

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Brief Explanation of the Most Beautiful Names

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